RFC 4075 PROPOSED STANDARD DHCP · TIME

DHCPv6 SNTP Option: Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) Configuration Option for DHCPv6

A DHCPv6 option that gives clients an ordered list of IPv6 SNTP server addresses.

On rfc-editor.org ↗
PUBLISHED
May 2005
AUTHORS
V. Kalusivalingam
STREAM
IETF
OPTION CODE
31
ADDRESS SIZE
16 octets
DOI
10.17487/RFC4075

RFC text

Contents
Original text · RFC Editor View on rfc-editor.org ↗
Network Working Group                                  V. Kalusivalingam
Request for Comments: 4075         Cisco Systems (India) Private Limited
Category: Standards Track                                       May 2005


  Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) Configuration Option for DHCPv6

Status of This Memo

   This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
   Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
   improvements.  Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
   Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
   and status of this protocol.  Distribution of this memo is unlimited.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005).

Abstract

   This document describes a new DHCPv6 option for passing a list of
   Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) server addresses to a client.

1.  Introduction

   This document describes a new option, called the SNTP [3] servers
   option, for passing information about SNTP servers in DHCPv6 [1].

2.  Requirements

   The keywords MUST, MUST NOT, REQUIRED, SHALL, SHALL NOT, SHOULD,
   SHOULD NOT, RECOMMENDED, MAY, and OPTIONAL, when they appear in this
   document, are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [2].

3.  Terminology

   This document uses terminology specific to IPv6 and DHCPv6 as defined
   in the "Terminology" section of the DHCPv6 specification [1].

4.  Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) Servers Option

   The Simple Network Time Protocol servers option provides a list of
   one or more IPv6 addresses of SNTP [3] servers available to the
   client for synchronization.  The clients use these SNTP servers to
   synchronize their system time to that of the standard time servers.
   Clients MUST treat the list of SNTP servers as an ordered list.  The
   server MAY list the SNTP servers in decreasing order of preference.

   The option defined in this document can only be used to configure
   information about SNTP servers that can be reached using IPv6.  The
   DHCP option to configure information about IPv4 SNTP servers can be
   found in RFC 2132 [4].  Mechanisms for configuring IPv4/IPv6 dual-
   stack applications are being considered, but are not specified in
   this document.

   The format of the Simple Network Time Protocol servers option is as
   shown below:

       0                   1                   2                   3
       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |      OPTION_SNTP_SERVERS       |        option-len            |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                                                               |
      |                  SNTP server (IPv6 address)                   |
      |                                                               |
      |                                                               |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                                                               |
      |                  SNTP server (IPv6 address)                   |
      |                                                               |
      |                                                               |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                              ...                              |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+


      option-code: OPTION_SNTP_SERVERS (31)

      option-len:  Length of the 'SNTP server' fields, in octets;
                   it must be a multiple of 16

      SNTP server: IPv6 address of SNTP server

5.  Appearance of This Option

   The SNTP servers option MUST NOT appear in messages other than the
   following: Solicit, Advertise, Request, Renew, Rebind, Information-
   Request, and Reply.  If this option appears in messages other than
   those specified above, the receiver SHOULD ignore it.

   The option number for this option MAY appear in the Option Request
   Option [1] in the following messages:  Solicit, Request, Renew,
   Rebind, Information-Request, and Reconfigure.  If this option number
   appears in the Option Request Option in messages other than those
   specified above, the receiver SHOULD ignore it.

6.  Security Considerations

   The SNTP servers option may be used by an intruder DHCPv6 server to
   cause DHCPv6 clients to contact a rogue SNTP server, resulting in
   invalid synchronization of time in the client, finally leading to
   time-critical applications running inaccurately in the client
   machine.  Time accuracy can be crucial to some security algorithms.
   For example, expired certificates may gain a new life, making the
   applications running on the client machine less secure.  The
   inaccuracy can even cause clients to set their time incorrectly,
   making them vulnerable to replay attacks in protocols that use time
   stamps to detect replays.

   To avoid attacks through these options, the DHCPv6 client SHOULD use
   authenticated DHCPv6 (see the "Authentication of DHCP messages"
   section in the DHCPv6 specification [1]).

7.  IANA Considerations

   The IANA has assigned an option code to the following from the
   option-code space defined in the "DHCPv6 Options" section of the
   DHCPv6 specification [1].

   Option Name            Value    Described in
   OPTION_SNTP_SERVERS    31       Section 4.

8.  Acknowledgements

   Thanks to the DHC Working Group for their time and input on the
   specification.  In particular, thanks to (in alphabetical order)
   Bernie Volz, Jim Bound, Margaret Wasserman, Pekka Savola, Ralph
   Droms, Robert Elz, and Thomas Narten for their thorough review.

9.  Normative References

   [1]  Droms, R., Bound, J., Volz, B., Lemon, T., Perkins, C., and M.
        Carney, "Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6)",
        RFC 3315, July 2003.

   [2]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement
        Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

10.  Informative References

   [3]  Mills, D., "Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) Version 4 for
        IPv4, IPv6 and OSI", RFC 2030, October 1996.

   [4]  Alexander, S. and R. Droms, "DHCP Options and BOOTP Vendor
        Extensions", RFC 2132, March 1997.

Author's Address

   Vijayabhaskar A. Kalusivalingam
   Cisco Systems (India) Private Limited,
   No: 9, Brunton Road,
   Bangalore - 560025
   India

   Phone: +91-80-51036615
   EMail: vibhaska@cisco.com

Full Copyright Statement

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005).

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ISO Plain Language

On this page
PROBLEMDHCPv6 clients need a way to learn which SNTP servers are available for time synchronization.
MECHANISMOption 31 carries one or more IPv6 server addresses, each 16 octets, in a list clients must treat as ordered.
THE CATCHClients can receive IPv6 SNTP server information through DHCPv6, but the RFC recommends authenticated DHCPv6 to guard against rogue servers.

§1What the Option Supplies

The SNTP servers option provides a list of one or more IPv6 addresses of SNTP servers available to the client. Clients use them to synchronize their system time to standard time servers.

The option covers only servers reachable using IPv6. The RFC points to RFC 2132 for the DHCP option used to configure IPv4 SNTP servers and does not specify dual-stack configuration.

The option gives a client addresses for time servers reachable over IPv6. It does not define how a client should combine IPv4 and IPv6 server configuration.

§2Option Format and Placement

OPTION_SNTP_SERVERS has code 31. Its data contains IPv6 server addresses, and the option length must be a multiple of 16 octets. Clients MUST treat the addresses as an ordered list; a server MAY list them in decreasing order of preference.

The option may appear only in Solicit, Advertise, Request, Renew, Rebind, Information-Request, and Reply messages. Receivers SHOULD ignore it in other messages.

The option is a list of IPv6 addresses, each 16 octets long. The client uses them in the order sent by the server.

§3Rogue SNTP Servers

An intruder DHCPv6 server could direct a client to a rogue SNTP server and cause incorrect time synchronization. The RFC notes that inaccurate time can affect security algorithms and timestamp-based replay protection.

To avoid attacks through the option, the DHCPv6 client SHOULD use authenticated DHCPv6.

A rogue server could provide an untrusted time-server address. The RFC recommends authenticating DHCPv6 messages to reduce this risk.

§4References