The wais URI Scheme
The URI forms used to identify WAIS databases, searches, and documents.
Hoffman, P., "The wais URI Scheme", RFC 4156, DOI 10.17487/RFC4156, August 2005, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4156>.
@misc{rfc4156,
series = {Request for Comments},
number = 4156,
howpublished = {RFC 4156},
publisher = {RFC Editor},
doi = {10.17487/RFC4156},
url = {https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4156},
author = {P. Hoffman},
title = {{The wais URI Scheme}},
pagetotal = 4,
year = 2005,
month = aug,
} RFC text
Contents
Network Working Group P. Hoffman
Request for Comments: 4156 VPN Consortium
Category: Historic August 2005
The wais URI Scheme
Status of This Memo
This memo defines a Historic Document for the Internet community. It
does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of
this memo is unlimited.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005).
Abstract
This document specifies the wais Uniform Resource Identifier (URI)
scheme that was originally specified in RFC 1738. The purpose of
this document is to allow RFC 1738 to be made obsolete while keeping
the information about the scheme on standards track.
1. Introduction
URIs were previously defined in RFC 2396 [RFC2396], which was updated
by RFC 3986 [RFC3986]. Those documents also specify how to define
schemes for URIs.
The first definitions for many URI schemes appeared in RFC 1738
[RFC1738]. Because that document has been made obsolete, this
document copies the wais URI scheme from it to allow that material to
remain on standards track.
2. Scheme Definition
The WAIS URL scheme is used to designate WAIS databases, searches, or
individual documents available from a WAIS database. The WAIS
protocol is described in RFC 1625 [RFC1625]. Although the WAIS
protocol is based on Z39.50-1988, the WAIS URL scheme is not intended
for use with arbitrary Z39.50 services.
Historical note: The WAIS protocol was not widely implemented and
almost no WAIS servers are in use today.
A WAIS URL takes one of the following forms:
wais://<host>:<port>/<database>
wais://<host>:<port>/<database>?<search>
wais://<host>:<port>/<database>/<wtype>/<wpath>
If :<port> is omitted, the port defaults to 210. The first form
designates a WAIS database that is available for searching. The
second form designates a particular search. <database> is the name of
the WAIS database being queried.
The third form designates a particular document, within a WAIS
database, to be retrieved. In this form <wtype> is the WAIS
designation of the type of the object. Many WAIS implementations
require that a client know the "type" of an object prior to
retrieval; the type is returned along with the internal object
identifier in the search response. The <wtype> is included in the
URL in order to give the client interpreting the URL adequate
information to actually retrieve the document.
The <wpath> of a WAIS URL consists of the WAIS document-id. The WAIS
document-id should be treated opaquely; it may only be decomposed by
the server that issued it.
3. Security Considerations
Many security considerations for URI schemes are discussed in
[RFC3986]. There are no security considerations listed in [RFC1625],
but it should be noted that there is no privacy nor authentication
specified in the WAIS protocol.
4. Informative References
[RFC1738] Berners-Lee, T., Masinter, L., and M. McCahill, "Uniform
Resource Locators (URL)", RFC 1738, December 1994.
[RFC2396] Berners-Lee, T., Fielding, R., and L. Masinter, "Uniform
Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax", RFC 2396,
August 1998.
[RFC3986] Berners-Lee, T., Fielding, R., and L. Masinter, "Uniform
Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax", STD 66,
RFC 3986, January 2005.
[RFC1625] St. Pierre, M., Fullton, J., Gamiel, K., Goldman, J.,
Kahle, B., Kunze, J., Morris, H., and F. Schiettecatte,
"WAIS over Z39.50-1988", RFC 1625, June 1994.
Author's Address
Paul Hoffman
VPN Consortium
127 Segre Place
Santa Cruz, CA 95060
US
EMail: paul.hoffman@vpnc.org
Full Copyright Statement
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005).
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ISO Plain Language
On this page
§1Why the Scheme Was Recorded Again
Many URI schemes were first defined in RFC 1738. Because that document had become obsolete, RFC 4156 copies the wais scheme definition so information about it remains available.
The RFC describes the scheme as identifying WAIS databases, searches, and individual documents in a WAIS database. It says the scheme is not intended for arbitrary Z39.50 services.
This RFC preserves the wais address format after its earlier source document became obsolete. The format identifies resources offered through WAIS.
§2Three Forms of a WAIS URI
A wais URI can name a database, a specific search in that database, or a particular document. The document form includes the WAIS object type and an opaque document identifier that only the server that issued it can interpret.
If the port is omitted, the default is 210. The type in a document URI gives the client information that some WAIS implementations require to retrieve the object.
The address can point to a database, a search, or one document. The document identifier is for the WAIS server to interpret, not for clients to take apart.
§2Security and Historical Context
The RFC says the WAIS protocol specifies neither privacy nor authentication. It also notes that the protocol was not widely implemented and that almost no WAIS servers were in use at the time of writing.
The unit metadata marks this document Historic. RFC 4156 records the URI syntax rather than defining a new WAIS protocol.
The URI scheme does not add privacy or authentication to WAIS. The RFC records a historical format for a protocol that had little deployment at the time.