REVELATIONS IN NETWORK HOST MEASUREMENTS
A follow-up report on measurements of TENEX network-transfer performance.
Wessler, B.D., "REVELATIONS IN NETWORK HOST MEASUREMENTS", RFC 557, DOI 10.17487/RFC0557, August 1973, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc557>.
@misc{rfc557,
series = {Request for Comments},
number = 557,
howpublished = {RFC 557},
publisher = {RFC Editor},
doi = {10.17487/RFC0557},
url = {https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc557},
author = {B.D. Wessler},
title = {{REVELATIONS IN NETWORK HOST MEASUREMENTS}},
pagetotal = 2,
year = 1973,
month = aug,
} RFC text
Network Working Group B. Wessler Request for Comments: 557 Telenet Communications NIC: 18457 30 August 1973 References: RFC 392, 415 REVELATIONS IN NETWORK HOST MEASUREMENTS The purpose of RFC 392 was to identify a problem we had encountered in using the ARPANET at Utah. The primary thrust of the paper was supposed to be: "Here is a place to make the Network better" rather than: "Look, isn't the Network terrible." The accepted use of 392 seems to be the latter rather than the former. A second purpose of 392 was to stimulate the undertaking of measurement experiments on other computers and operating systems in addition to TENEX. Very little in the way of measurements has been reported (other than Hal Murray's RFC 415 measuring TENEX). Since the Publication of RFC 392, BBN has done a considerable amount of work to improve Host-Net performance on TENEX. They reported new measurement results in their April 1973 Quarterly Progress Report No. 10. I feel it is important to circulate those results to the RFC community. Don Allen at BBN borrowed Greg Hicks' RJS program and 1) updated it to take advantage of recent changes in TENEX, 2) improved the code near the input/output JSYs and 3) used considerably faster network monitor code. The result was approximately 400% improvement from 75-85 seconds of CPU time per megabit (~$10) to 19 seconds per megabit (~$2.50). Of the 19 seconds, 13 were spent in the RJS program and 6 in TENEX network output. The six seconds seem to relate very well to BBN FTP requirements where 8.2 cpu seconds per megabit were required (~$1.08) for 8 bit byte transfers. (Going to 32 or 36 bit bytes improves this figure by a factor of 4, resulting in a cost of $.33 per megabit.) Of the 13 seconds left in RJS no attempt was made to improve or even discover where the time was spent. This extra effort was not expended because RJS is soon to be replaced by the RJE protocol which uses FTP as its transfer mechanism. In summary, I believe that the original RFC #392 and the recent BBN results show that the Network including the Host cost, is intrinsically effective. If care is not taken in monitor and user code the system may not look very attractive. I hope everyone now goes out and measures how good (or bad) they are doing vis a vis network transfers. Please send me the results personally if they are too embarrassing to distribute via RFC. It would be nice to hear from all systems. All the data is courtesy of Don Allen and Jerry Burchfiel at BNN. [ This RFC was put into machine readable form for entry ] [ into the online RFC archives by Lorrie Shiota ]
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§1Why the Author Revisits RFC 392
RFC 392 described a problem encountered while using the ARPANET at Utah. Its author says the goal was to point out a place for improvement, but readers seemed to treat it as a claim that the network was poor. RFC 557 also renews the request for measurements on computers and operating systems beyond TENEX.
The earlier report was meant to help improve network use, not simply condemn the network. The author asks people using other computers to measure their own systems too.
§2BBN's Updated TENEX Measurements
BBN updated Don Allen's RJS program to use recent TENEX changes, improved code near the input/output calls and used faster network monitor code. The resulting measurement was about 19 seconds of CPU time per megabit, compared with 75–85 seconds before. The RFC describes this as an approximately 400% improvement.
Of the 19 seconds, 13 were spent in RJS and 6 in TENEX network output. Separate BBN FTP measurements required 8.2 CPU seconds per megabit for 8-bit-byte transfers. The RFC says using 32- or 36-bit bytes improved that figure by a factor of four.
Changes to TENEX and its transfer programs reduced the measured CPU time per megabit. The report separates time spent in the RJS program from time spent in TENEX network output.
§3The Call for More Measurements
The author says the results suggest the network, including the host cost, can be effective. Poor results may follow when monitor and user code are not carefully implemented. The report does not investigate where the remaining 13 seconds in RJS were spent, because RJS was expected to be replaced by an RJE protocol using FTP for transfer.
The author asks sites to measure network transfers and send results, including results they may find embarrassing.
The report says implementation choices affect measured transfer cost, and leaves part of the RJS cost unexplained. It asks other sites to measure their transfers and share what they find.